As a country whose economy is heavily dependent on low‐productivity rainfed agriculture, rainfall trends are often cited as one of the more important factors in explaining various socio‐economic problems such as food insecurity. The capital of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, is located at an elevation of 7,726 feet, and as such its climate remains relatively cool throughout the year. rainfall shocks for the agricultural seasons reported in the survey. 0000255847 00000 n Annual Weather Averages in Awassa. 3.2 15- minute Rainfall Rate Distribution in Ethiopia The cumulative rainfall rate distribution for ten locations in Ethiopia is calculated and plotted based on the data from NMA of Ethiopia at 15 minute integration time. 0000002800 00000 n Work performed under USGS contract 03CRCN0001, USA. 0000019637 00000 n Environ. 0000005635 00000 n Analyses of rainfall variability utilized rainfall anomaly index, coefficients of variance, and probability analyses. to two weeks earlier than the typical start date in several areas of Ethiopia, with average rainfall distribution to date, according to the USAID-funded Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET). Figure 2 shows rain rate distribution for ten main sites of Ethiopia versus percentage of exceedance of time of the The rainfall varies from about 750 mm (29.5 in) a year in Tigray and Amhara to over 1,000 mm (39.4 in) in parts of Oromia. I then take advantage of the detailed agriculture, household and community modules included in the IHS3 survey on agriculture to measure the extent and pathways through which households are impacted by this lack of rain. 5738 68 0000006662 00000 n xref 0000395725 00000 n This has been observed in a different study by Nair et al. The distribution of the rainfall in time and space is expected to be generally poor over several areas especially during the month of October and the peak month of November. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of rainfall amount in … Climate change is increasing the occurrence and magnitude of rainfall extremes that cause increased drought and flood risks (Chen et al. Rainfall distribution in Ethiopia affected by ENSO events and SST anomalies by displacing and weakening the rain-producing air masses. Mechanisms that trigger early funding based on pre-agreed indicators 0000004147 00000 n 0000230431 00000 n 0000230718 00000 n 0000025254 00000 n Rainfall and temperature trends in Ethiopia Analysis of the 40 years annual total rainfall data from 109 representative ground based meteorological sta-tions in Ethiopia indicated a coefficient of variation rang-ing from 20 to 89 %. in Ethiopia’s Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP I), which was implemented from 2010 to 2015. Climate and climatic variability of rainfall over eastern Africa Sharon E. Nicholson1 1EOAS, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA Abstract This review examines several aspects of the climate of eastern Africa. If you do not receive an email within 10 minutes, your email address may not be registered, 0000031789 00000 n h�b```e`�g`c`�q`f@ av da�x���(�a��Q���3 �+N0�n� ���pXAς%���i��&���ZK�x�$21o>�@(�t�_F/!a����~CF�� The average annual temperature in Debre Zeit is 18.7 °C | 65.7 °F. TRMM tends to produce conservative rainfall estimate as reflected in its wet bias for low rainfall and dry bias in heavy observed rainfall over Ethiopia. The Changes in rainfall were examined using data from 134 stations in 13 watersheds between 1960 and 2002. distribution, duration and timing) depending on location. Farther to the northeast rainfall occurs for only 10–30 days, despite JJAS being the main rainy season. The climatic commonality throughout the region is the frequent occurrence of drought severe enough to incapacitate the population. I then take advantage of the ... climate is the expected distribution of . Of the 109 stations considered, 17 had above 52 % … Ethiopia has a high central plateau that varies from 1,290 to 3,000 m (4,232 to 9,843 ft) above sea level, with the highest mountain reaching 4,533 m (14,872 ft). 0000003947 00000 n 0000018109 00000 n Vol. %%EOF 0000019608 00000 n Kiremt rain account for 50–80% of annual rainfall totals in Ethiopia, which has high contribution to agricultural productivity and major water reservoirs. 0000004298 00000 n 5 weather; therefore climate change refers to the statistical distribution of weather occurring over decades and centuries” (Auffhammer et al … The seasonal and annual rainfall variations are results of the macro-scale pressure systems and monsoon flows which are 3.10 ), though in some places the belg precipitation (Fig. 4, No. 0000230661 00000 n These studies also suggest that SSTAs in the east-ern Pacific impact on Ethiopian rainfall, either directly because of perturbations to large-scale circulation or indi-rectly via their effect on SSTAs in the Indian Ocean. Please check your email for instructions on resetting your password. But you MUST plan it all in one package and making changes may be very costly. Farther to the northeast rainfall occurs for only 10–30 days, despite JJAS being the main rainy season. trailer Ethiopian agriculture is mostly rainfed, whereas inter-annual and seasonal rainfall variability is high and droughts are frequent in many parts of the country. As the study area is characterized by a wider altitudinal range , the difference in the spatial distribution of rainfall amount could be attributed to orographic nature of rainfall (Viste et al., 2013, Dinku et al, 2007). The capital of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, is located at an elevation of 7,726 feet, and as such its climate remains relatively cool throughout the year. The major rainfall during the rainy season, between June and September, accounted for 75% of the total annual rainfall. - … rainfall data from 109 representative ground-based meteorological stations in Ethiopia indicated a coefficient of variation ranging from 20 to 89%, and 17 stations had above 42% coefficient of variation highlighting the extreme variability of rainfall over the country (Addisu et al., 2015). Unlimited viewing of the article PDF and any associated supplements and figures. 0000007555 00000 n Use the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. It remained to be seen whether this plan would improve the state of Ethiopia's forests. J. Res. spatially and temporally distribution of rainfall in the country is irregular and erratic [6]. 0000004715 00000 n 0000153131 00000 n The rainy season is of great importance not only to Ethiopia but to the countries of the Nile valley, as the prosperity of the eastern Sudan and Egypt is largely dependent upon the rainfall. 34-40. 0000027612 00000 n In this watershed, annual rainfall mostly occurred between May and October in a unimodal distribution. - Mean Annual Potential Evapotranspiration ofEthiopia. Plan for Accelerated and Sustained Development to End Poverty 2. Precipitation in Ethiopia decreased to 16.32 mm in December from 41.93 mm in November of 2015. To attain this goal, Ethiopia needs to sustain the high growth episodes that have been observed over the last decade by deepening structural change in its economy. Throughout the year, temperatures drop quickly once the sun goes down, and frosty mornings are common. 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